Internal-combustion engine



June 16, 1925. 1,542,578

B. R. POOL ET AL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Dec. 28, 1923 Imovable Patented June 16, 1925.

" UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BYRON B. POOL AND ANDREW E; POOL, OF NORRIS CITY, ILLINOIS.

mrnnnan-comnusrron ENGINE.

Application filed December 28, 1923. Serial No. 683,189.

To all whom it may concemfl Be it known that we, BYRON R. POOL andANDREW E. POOL, citizens of the United States, residin at Norris City,in the county 6 of White and tate of Illinois, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which thefollowing is a specification. v

-This invention relates to internal combustion engines and has moreparticular reference to a combustion engine of the two cycle type, theprimary object of this invention bemg to substantially improve themanner in which the explosive mixture is com-- pressed before passing tothe firing chamber.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an internalcombustion engine of this typewherein both the up and down stroke of theengine piston efiectively compresses to a high degree the explosivemixture.

A still further object resides in the provision of an internalcombustion engine wherein the expensive and complicated con structionnownecessaryfor the compression the engine may be readily knocked downwhen repairs or renewal of parts is necessary. I

, With the above and other objects in view .as the nature of theinvention will be better 35, understood, A comprises the novel form,

' combination and arrangement of parts, hereinafter'more fullydescribed, shown in the,

accompanying drawing and claimed.

In the drawing wherein like reference characters indicate correspondingparts throughout both of the views,

Figure 1 is a detail, vertical cross sectional view of an internalcombustion engine constructed in;.'accordance with the presentinvention, and

Figure 2 is a side elevational view of the piston element of the presentinvention.

Now having particular reference to the drawing, my novel internalcombustion engine constitutes the provision of a crank case 5, a block6, and cylinder head 7, rigidl joined together in any desirable and we 1known manner, it being noticed from'a consideration of the detailedview, that' said head 7 is of slightly lesser internal diameter than theinternal diameter of the circular portion 801? said block 6.

Rigidly positioned within the block 6 a its circular portion 8 thereof,is a vertically arranged hollow stationary piston 9 that terminates atits upper end within the lower end of the cylinder head 7. This. hollowpiston 9 is of considerably less diameter than the diameter of thecircular portion 8 of the block 6 so as to be positioned within saidcircular portion of the block in spaced relation thereto. The lower endof this piston 9c terminates in an outwardly extending flange 10 wherebythe same may be secured throu h the medium of bolts 11 to the lower end0 said circular portion 8 of the block.

Rectilinearly movable within the cylinder head 7 is a relatively long,hollow piston 12 that is open at its lower end and formed at its upperend with a solid head 13. The lower end of the hollow movable piston 12is increased in thickness at its lower end to provide an annular rib 14and this rib is ada ted to slidably contact the, inner surface oft ewall of the enlarged lower portion of the cylinder.

The present combustion engine obviously includes a crank shaft 15 towhich is opera tively connected the lower end of a connecting rod 16,the upper end of said connecting rod being connected to the lower end ofthe rectilinearly movable hollow piston 12, it.

being of course necessary that said stationary hollow piston 9 beprovided with slots 17 upon diametrically oppositesides thereof forallowing a connection-between said connecting rods 16 and said hollowpiston 12.

The c lindrical or circular portion 8 of the bloc 6 is formed at oneside with an enlargement that is formed at its u per end with a valvedintake opening 18 that communicates with a passage 19 formed in an enlared portion of the lower end of the 'cylin or head 7 that terminateswithin said cylinder adjacent its lower end thereof.

The valve structure designated generally by the reference character 20is conventional and does therefore, not enter into the spirit and scopeof the present invention, it being however noted that the arrangement ofthe intake valve per se, is such as to revent the same from receivingthe direct orce of the ex losive charge that'occurs in the upper end 0the cylinder 7. It will, therefore be readily appreciated that therewill be little or no liability of the valve per se becoming fouledwarped or the like, due to the great heat that is now in similar t pesof engines imparted directly to the va ve. The rectilinearly movablehollow piston 12 is formed upon its side adjacent the intake openingwith a vertical series of horizontal slots 21 whereby upon the upstrokeof the piston 12, a supply of fuel will be drawn through the intakeopening 18, passage 19 and thence within said hollow piston through theslots 21, it being of course understood that on the upward stroke of thepiston, the valve member per se is in its raised position as shown inFigure 1.

Upon the previous down-stroke of the 1ston due to the explosion of thegases wit in the upper end of the cylinder, occasioned by a suitablesparking means 21. The gases within the piston 12 will be compressedbetween the head of this piston and the head of the stationary piston 9,these compressed gases being forced into the passage 19. Just before thepiston 12 reaches its ddwnward limit of movement, the exploded gaseswill pass out of the exhaust port 23 immediately after which thecompressed gases within the passage 19 will pass outwardlythereirom andstrike'a deflector 25 formed upon the upper end of the hollow piston 12.On the upstroke of this hollow piston the gases will be additionallycompressed and immediately fired by said sparking means as soon as thepiston reaches its upward limit of movement after which it repeats theoperation just described; I

For preventing the possible accumulation of any of the explosive gaseswithin the crank case of the engine, which would probably be carriedinto the crank case through the provision of the slots 21 in the piston12, a passage 26 is provided between theextreme lower end of thecylinder 7 and the discharge end of the intake opening 18, and this at apoint directly beneath the usual valve elements, it being. obvious thatany gases that would accumulate within the slots of the piston 12 willpass back into the intake through said slot 26 and thereby preclude anyliability of said gases entering the crank case of the engine.

It will thus be seen that I have provided a highly novel, efiicient andcompact form of two cycle internal combustion engine and one wherein thedisadvantageous crankcase compression feature is departed from.-

I do not wish to be limited to the specific structure of the engineshown because in the future practice of the invention, minor changes maybe made therein without departin from the spirit and scope of theappende claim.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is In an internal combustion engine, a crankcase, a comparatively long cylinder carried thereby, a valved fuelintake disposed between the ends of said-cylinder, a stationary pistonattached to said crank case at its lower end and extending up into saidcylinder, said stationary piston being of a diameter less than that ofthe cylinder, the cylinder being increased in diameter at its lower endto provide an annular space between its inner wall and the stationarypiston, a mov able piston mountedfor reciprocation within said cylinder,the wall of said movable piston being interposed for sliding move mentbetween the Wall of the cylinder and said stationary iston, the lowerend of said movable piston eing'increased in thickness to provide anannular rib, said rib being in slidable contact with the wall of'theenlarged portion of the cylinder, the wall of said movable piston beingformed intermediate its ends with a multiplicity of fuel intake portsadapted for coaction with the aforesaid fuel intake, a baflle mounted onthe upper end of said movable piston adapted to e disposed opposite thevalved fuel intake at predetermined intervals, an operating means forthe movable pistonv for alternatively compressing fuel charge betweenthe two pistons and then between the movable piston and the top of saidcylinder.

In testimony whereof we allix our signatures.

BYRON R. POOL. ANDREW E. POOL.

